Background: The epidemiology of intussusception, including its incidence, can vary between different countries.\r\nThe aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology of childhood intussusception in Japan using data from a\r\nnationwide inpatient database.\r\nMethods: We screened the database for eligible cases = 18 years of age, who were coded with a discharge\r\ndiagnosis of intussusception (International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision: K-561) between July to\r\nDecember in 2007 and 2008. We then selected cases according to Level 1 of the diagnostic certainty criteria\r\ndeveloped by the Brighton Collaboration Intussusception Working Group. We examined the demographics,\r\nmanagement, and outcomes of cases, and estimated the incidence of intussusception.\r\nResults: We identified 2,427 cases of intussusception. There were an estimated 2,000 cases of infantile\r\nintussusception annually in Japan, an incidence of 180-190 cases per 100,000 infants. The median age at diagnosis\r\nwas 17 months, and two-thirds of the patients were male. Treatment with an enema was successful in 93.0% of\r\ncases (2255/2427). The remainder required surgery. Secondary cases accounted for 3.1% (76/2427). Median length\r\nof hospital stay was 3 days. Of the 2,427 cases, we found 2 fatal cases associated with intussusception.\r\nConclusions: This is currently the largest survey of childhood intussusception in Asia using a standardized case\r\ndefinition. Our results provide an estimate of the baseline risk of intussusception in Japan, and it is higher than the\r\nrisk observed in other countries
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